About Finnish Architect Alvar Aalto

Finnish architect Alvar Aalto (born February 3, 1898) became famous for both his modernist buildings and his furniture designs of bent plywood. His influence on American furniture-making continues to be seen in public buildings. Aaltos unique style grew out of a passion for painting and a fascination for the works of cubist artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Fast Facts: Alvar Aalto Known For: Influential modern architecture and furniture designBorn: February 3, 1898 in Kuortane, FinlandDied: May 11, 1976 in Helsinki, FinlandEducation: Helsinki University of Technology, 1916–1921Key Accomplishments: Paimio Tuberculosis Sanatorium and Paimio Chair; Baker House dorm at MIT; three- and four-legged stools for adults, children, and restaurantsSpouses:  Finnish architect and designer Aino Maria Marsio and Finnish architect Elissa Mà ¤kiniemi Early Years Born in the age of form follow function and at the cusp of Modernism, Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto graduated with honors in architecture from Helsinki University of Technology. His early works combined Neoclassical ideas with the International Style. Later, Aaltos buildings were characterized by asymmetry, curved walls, and complex textures. Many people say his architecture defies any style label. except for Modernist. Alvar Aaltos passion for painting led to the development of his unique architectural style. Cubism and collage , explored by the painters Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, became important elements in Aaltos work. As an architect, Aalto used color, texture, and light to create collage-like architectural landscapes. Professional Life The term Nordic Classicism has been used to describe some of Alvar Aaltos work. Many of his buildings combined sleek lines with richly textured natural materials such as stone, teak, and rough-hewn logs. Hes also been called a Human Modernist for what we might call today his client-centered approach to architecture. The Finnish architect received international acclaim with the completion of the Paimio Tuberculosis Sanatorium. The hospital he built in Paimio, Finland between 1929 and 1933 is still looked upon as one of the worlds best-designed healthcare facilities.  The details incorporated into the building design by Aalto illustrate many of the evidence-based design strategies published in recent years, writes Dr. Diana Anderson, MD in 2010. With an open-air roof terrace, sun balconies, inviting pathways throughout the grounds, orientation of the patient wing for rooms to receive full morning sunlight, and calming room colors, the architecture of the building is more modern than many healthcare facilities built today. Aalto also designed interiors and furnishing, and one of his most enduring creations is the chair designed for the tubercular patients at Paimio. The Paimio Sanatorium chair is so beautifully designed that it is part of the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Based on the metal tube Wassily chair designed in 1925 by Marcel Breuer, Aalto took laminated wood and bent it like Breuer bent metal to form a frame in which was placed a bent wooden seat. Designed to ease the breathing of a  tubercular patient, the Paimio chair is beautiful enough to be sold to todays consumer.   Maire Mattinen writes in the Forward  to the Nomination of Paimio Hospital for Inclusion in the World Heritage List, The hospital can be described as a Gesamtkunstwerk, all the aspects of which — the landscape, the function, the technology and the aesthetics — aim to promote the well-being and recuperation of the patients. Marriages Aalto was married twice. His first wife, Aino Mariso Aalto (1894–1949), was a partner in Artek, the furnishings workshop they established in 1935. They became famous for their furniture and glassware designs. After the death of Aino, Aalto married the Finnish architect Elissa Mà ¤kiniemi Aalto (1922–1994) in 1952. It was Elissa who carried on the businesses and completed ongoing projects after Aalto died. Death Alvar Aalto died on May 11, 1976 in Helsinki, Finland. He was 78 years old. Mr. Aaltos style was not easily characterized, but it was frequently described as humanistic, wrote architecture critic Paul Goldberger at the time of Aaltos death. Throughout his career he was more interested in creating architectural housings to reflect the complexities of functions within than in fitting functions into a simple form. Legacy Alvar Aalto is remembered with the likes of Gropius, Le Corbusier, and van der Rohe as a major influence on 20th century modernism. A review of his architecture realizes an evolution from simple classical forms of the 1924 White Guards Headquarters to the functional modernism of the 1933 Paimio Sanatorium. The 1935 Viipuri Library in Russia has been called International or even Bauhaus-like, yet Aalto rejected that modernism for something less stark. The 1948 Baker House dormitory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology may be known on campus for its piano tossing event, yet the buildings wavy design and open spaces promote community and humanism. The Baker House, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Alvar Aalto. Santi Visalli/Getty Images (cropped) The curve in Aaltos architecture continued for the next 30 years, even in designs completed after his death, like the 1978 Church of the Assumption of Mary in Riola di Vergato, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. His impact on furniture design, however, is Aaltos legacy for not only people around the world, but to furniture makers such as the Eames partnership. Alvar Aalto often integrated architecture with interior design. He is the acknowledged inventor of bent wood furniture, a practical and modern idea that had far-reaching influences at home and abroad. As Aalto transformed Breuers bent metal into bent wood, Charles and Ray Eames took the concept of molded wood and created the iconic plastic molded chair. Without knowing the designers names, who hasnt sat on one of Aaltos curved wood designs or Breuers metal chairs or the Eames stackable plastic chairs? Furnishings by Alvar Aalto, 1938. Print Collector/Getty Images (cropped) One can easily think about Alvar Aalto when coming upon a bad reproduction of his furniture. Discover a three-legged stool in your storage shed, and you wonder why the legs keep falling out of the underside of the round seat, as they are only glued into little holes. Many old, broken stools could use a better design — like Aaltos STOOL 60 (1933).  Ã‚  In 1932, Aalto had developed a revolutionary type of furniture made of laminated bent plywood. His stools are simple designs with bent wooden legs that provide strength, durability, and stackability. Aaltos  Ã‚  STOOL E60 (1934) is a four-legged version. Aaltos BAR STOOL 64 (1935) is familiar because its been copied so often. All of these iconic pieces were designed when Aalto was in his 30s. Furniture that doesnt end up in storage is often designed by modern architects, because they have better ideas of how to keep things together. Sources Anderson, Diana. Humanizing the hospital: Design lessons from a Finnish sanatorium. Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ), 2010 Aug 10; 182(11): E535–E537.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2917967/ Artek. Art Technology Since 1935. https://www.artek.fi/en/companyGoldberger, Paul.  Alvar Aalto Is Dead at 78; Master Modern Architect. The New York Times, May 13, 1976National Board of Antiquities. Nomination of Paimio Hospital for Inclusion in the World Heritage List. Helsinki 2005. http://www.nba.fi/fi/File/410/nomination-of-paimio-hospital.pdf

The Problem With Illegal Aliens - 1291 Words

Introduction Despite the multiple laws and policies that were implemented in the United States, there is still a problem with illegal aliens or immigrants. The U.S. government has spent millions of dollars to secure our southern border but, with that being said, the government has charged the Department of Homeland Security to create and implement new and innovative ways to justify and solidify those polices. In this case study, there will be a focus and analytical approach to three of the main issues which continue to surface on immigration enforcement. These issues are: who is an illegal alien; who can detain illegal aliens; and when can they be deported? Who is an illegal alien? To the average citizen, an illegal alien is an†¦show more content†¦This business specializes in the slaughter and distribution of turkey parts. In the late 80s and 90s this was one of the largest meat plants in the county. In 2008, two of the company’s top officials were charged with hiring undocumented workers for about eight years before 300 plant workers were arrested†¦ Most of the workers arrested in the raid have been deported, but others have been convicted of using fraudulent documents to obtain their jobs, the newspaper said (Savage, 2009). This situation along with many others lead to the demise of the company many years later. Many illegal aliens migrate to the United States for work opportunities so they can support their families. Many people have negative attitude toward these individuals but, not all of the individuals that migrate to the United States have bad intentions. Many just are looking for the pursuit of happi ness in the American way. Who can detain illegal aliens? Any law enforcement branch including the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) operating under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) has the right to detain any person seeking illegal entry into the U.S. This Act was passed by congress and is the main law that legislates and regulates immigration. This authority is prescribed by the Secretary of DHS to all law enforcement agency operating from the local level all the way up to the federal level.

Gym Goers Free Essays

Three Categories of Gym-Goers NAU: Composition 1 Three Categories of Gym-Goers People go to the gym to benefit their lifestyles by getting back in shape, right? Most people that go to the gym do not fit into any other category other than â€Å"normal†, meaning that there is nothing specific about them that stick out. Then there are those who definitely stick out with certain qualities you just can’t seem to escape from. There are always different categories gym-goers fall into and they are starting to stand out more and more. We will write a custom essay sample on Gym Goers or any similar topic only for you Order Now The different categories you will find at the gym are; the coach, the loud meathead showoff, and the social butterfly. The first category is â€Å"the coach†. The coach is the guy that thinks he knows everything about anything. Typically these types of people are yelling from across the gym that â€Å"you can do it! † or â€Å"you’re not doing that right† then goes on to tell you the exact steps about the exercise as if you wanted their help. These people will have on the best work out clothes and shoes you can get because they think they make you perform better. Right when you think they are gone and have left you alone, there they are right by your side again coaching you through your workout. Nothing is worse than when you are running and someone comes up and tries talking to you, but these people are there telling you that you need to go faster and start nagging on the way that you are running. You might give them dirty looks in the mirror and try to tell them to go away, but you can’t talk or yell at them because you can’t breathe from all the running. The second category is â€Å"the loud meathead showoff†. Many of times these types of gym goers are the people wearing shirts that show off their muscles and always are looking in the mirror flexing. They are constantly screams â€Å"oh yeah! † and grunt very loudly to make sure everyone in the gym hears them to draw attention. They are the type of people that will go right next to someone while working out making sure they are doing everything ten times better than that person. You see these people usually with buddies that do the same thing and they will grunt face to face while flexing at each other and saying â€Å"WHOO! They might come over to you while you are doing pull-ups, grab the bar, and do five pull-ups to your one while they grunt loudly. They tend to hang out in a group at the end of their work out and have a protein shake and converse about who lifted more, how many reps they did, and when they will meet tomorrow for their next work out. The third category is â€Å"the social butterfly†. Usually, this is the person that goes to the gym with hopes of working out but never actually does so because they are too busy talking to everyone. They know absolutely everyone at the gym by first and last name and what they do for a living. They try their hardest to be involved in every joke and conversation. They might start on the treadmill but then they see someone, get off the treadmill, and have an hour conversation with that person. They are almost always the nicest person in the gym and will come over while you are stretching to say hi so they can avoid working out. They are the people that are at the gym for a few hours and claim that they did an hour of cardio and an hour of weight training just to make their selves feel better about the fact that they talked to people the whole time they were there. They will usually spend about thirty minutes on one machine just because they are having a conversation about the new iphone with the person next to them. If they would spend as much time working out as they did flapping their jaws they would be in great shape. No one really likes these people while they are working out, but somehow they are always at every gym you attend. I only wrote about three types of gym-goers, so imagine how many other categories there are and what you would name them. Take a look next time and see who you can spot out. I guarantee you’ll find at least one of these people lurking around your gym. How to cite Gym Goers, Papers

Advance in Sustainable Manufacturing System - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Advance in Sustainable Manufacturing System. Answer: SME Organizations Organizations which sustain number of employees, revenues and benefits below a particular threshold are called as small and medium enterprise. Every country has defined its own way of announcing a company as SME. The basic characteristics of SME organisations are as follows. Size If the size of the business is small it gets easy for an organisation to excel and specialise in its respective field. Many companies depends on its employees benefits. But at the same time its a disadvantage for financing of the business. Few employees Usually SME organisation has very few employees in the beginning of the business. These employees conduct all the basic functions of the company and are beneficial for long-term stability. Establish Relationships As the products is less in number the companies build strong contact with the business partners. And to get financially stable the company have to maintain this strong relationship. Flexibility As a SME forms a simple structure, the company can rapidly adapt to important changes without any burden. The flexibility of SMEs makes them profitable too(Carpenter, 2017). Cloud Computing was built by big industries like Google and Amazon. It is delivered to end users which mostly are SMEs as pay-per-use services. SMEs have many benefits of Cloud technologies like, Low start-up costs Device and location independence Ease of management and scalability The basic criteria SMEs takes into consideration to adopt cloud services are, SMEs see that they do not have to upgrade their servers. They can easily rely on cloud service provider for updating of servers. Their hardware and software maintenance costs are minimised. They do not have to buy new software regularly. The services are user-friendly. Cloud based services: The three cloud based services are; Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): IaaS gives an advantage to the user to rent basic web architecture like servers, data space, processing, to deploy any software by itself. This is a benefit of both the business providing the infrastructure and the user. The infrastructure cannot be controlled but the users controls storage, application and network components. Merits of using IaaS is that it allows the user to save money by only paying for what they will use within a certain time frame(Kavis, 2014). One of the weaknesses of IaaS is that the end users are responsible for backups and they are responsible for all aspects of VM management. SMEs use this service because it eliminates the capital investment and hence the criterion of low investment is fulfilled. It contributes for central fundamental flexibility. Platform as a Service (PaaS): PaaS lets a user to build applications, test application performance without purchasing the infrastructure. The core benefits of PaaS are that it allows a lot of scalability by design, which checks the functionality of cloud services. Merits of using PaaS are that without any investment a user can initiate his application. Also, the cloud providers give the programming language, and the databases to create applications. One of the weaknesses of PaaS is that there are few restrictions in the infrastructure which a user cannot use in his application also it is not as cost effective as Saas and Iaas. The platform is also a shared platform which reduces security(Gurkok, 2013). If a SME consumer uses PaaS he does not have to purchase hardware and software and hence the criteria of providing all the software and hardware are fulfilled. Software as a Service (SaaS): By using SaaS, the software can be used quickly because it is installed on the cloud server. It makes a base for few business applications like email to combine with services such as customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning. Merits of using SaaS are that it allows cloud to be used as software architecture and hence reduces the burden of maintenance and operations. It also reduces the software maintenance, renewing license and operation support. It reduces costs, as the user has to pay for what he needs and nothing else. SaaS offers customers only the functions performed by applications(Azevedo, 2013). Weakness of SaaS is that customers cannot control the system; the cloud providers have full access to customers data. Currently, there are only a limited number of software solutions(Gurkok, 2013). Hence, SMEs use SaaS because it meets the criteria of flexibility and up gradation of servers. After a proper assessment of all the cloud services most of the SMEs adopted IaaS services as it is the fastest-developing sector although SaaS is the most developed model. As IaaS provides access to business-class solutions, low cost systems, and enhanced scalability. Therefore, Infrastructure as a Service is cost-efficient form to scale briskly and maintain growth without any other IT costs(Elisabetta, 2010). Apart from this, IaaS was chosen because it was the most stable. Whenever any new feature is introduced or any change in existing management PaaS and Saas has to change on a whole scale. But in IaaS such changes do not affect the system. Many surveys conducted on cloud computing concluded that it will rapidly expand and will be dominant in IT domains in coming years. Because of the fact that it allows users to have instant and easy access to the information anywhere they need. Cloud computing services are having an adverse effect on the current networking infrastructure as it can be easily accessible. Along with this, the companies are adapting cloud because of the virtualization it provides. In future, there will be rise in Cloud adaptation as it is very user-friendly. Small-medium businesses will not completely depend on cloud as it has few control and security problems(Morris, 2013). But overall IaaS services meet the best requirements of a SME organisation. References Azevedo, A 2013, Advance in Sustainable and Competitive Manufacturing System, Springer Science Business Media, Germany. Carpenter, M.E. 2017, Characteristics of SMEs, viewed on 15 December 2017, https://bizfluent.com/info-8714551-characteristics-smes.html. Elisabetta, D.N. Yahyapour, R 2010, Towards a Service-Based Internet, Springer Science Business Media, Germany. Gurkok, C 2013, Network and System Security, Elsevier Inc.,USA. Kavis, M.J. 2014, Architecting the Cloud, John Wiley Sons, USA. Morris, J 2013, The impact of the cloud on your network, part1: Infrastructure, viewed on 15 December 2017, https://www.itproportal.com/2013/12/18/the-impact-of-the-cloud-on-your-network-infrastructure/.